Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been growing as a worldwide health problem. Platelet morphology and functions have changed in diabetes because of its hyperactive behavior in DM 2 patient. Aim and
Objective: This study aims to observe the change in the platelet parameters between the non-diabetics and diabetics patients.
Materials and Methods: This case–control study was carried out on Type 2 DM cases (n = 100) and non-diabetic controls (n = 100). The study subjects were divided into two groups bases on their glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) report: With HbA1c levels ≤7% (n = 56) and with HbA1c levels >7% (n = 44).
Results: There is statistically significant raise in mean platelet volume (MPV) in diabetics (control group: 10.45 ± 0.45 vs. diabetic group: 10.71 ± 0.39, P ≤ 0.001). It was observed that platelet distribution width (PDW) and MPV were increased in diabetics with HbA1c >7 as compared to patients with ≤7 HbA1c (HbA1c ≤7 group vs. HbA1c >7 group – PDW: 11.116 ± 1.28 vs. 11.593 ± 0.69, P = 0.03, MPV: 10.67 ± 0.65 vs. 11.09 ± 1.03, P = 0.01).
Conclusions: The observation indicates the increase MPV value in diabetic patients which shows an increment in the size of platelet because of value-added prothrombotic factors. These larger sized platelets cause an increase in PDW and MPV value. Higher adherence and adhesion caused by hyperactive platelets in diabetes patients lead to vascular complications which are suggested by the present study through the significant high value of HbA1c in diabetics. Hence, MPV is considered as a distinguished prognostic marker in early identification of cardiovascular complications tandem reduction of fatality in diabetics.