Abstract

Background: The effect of materials for dental prostheses on the patient’s body remains one of the most relevant issues in orthopedic dentistry. The dentist, more often the orthopedist, has to deal with diseases arising from the toxic effects of chemical mixtures of structural metals on the tissues of the oral cavity and the body as a whole. Aims and Objectives: The research purpose is to carry out the dynamics of the content of free amino acids (FAA) in the blood of patients during the long-term use of orthopedic dental metal prostheses.
Materials and Methods: This paper studies the dynamics of the content of FAA in blood plasma of patients organized into three groups before and after 0.5–1–2 years of the prosthodontic treatment of defected teeth (dentitions) with cast-crowns on the basis of stainless steel alloys and nitride-titanium (NT) coating (Group 1), nickel-chromium alloy (NCA, Group 2), and cobalt-chromium alloy blended with ceramics (CCA, Group 3).
Results: The study has established a significant increase in FAA levels in blood plasma of Group 1-3 patients during the long-term use of dental orthopedic prostheses, suggesting the disordered processes of protein synthesis and decomposition, the predominance of catabolic over anabolic processes as well as the early manifestations of destructive processes occurring in various organs and tissues. Conclusion: Based on the results of studying the effect of metal dental prostheses (stainless steel + NT, NCA, CCA + ceramics) on the FAA pool in patients’ blood plasma, a number of preferences are as follows: Stainless steel alloy + NT is more aggressive than NCA; NCA is more aggressive than CCA + ceramic mass. The data obtained in this paper are promising in terms of forecasting various pathologies in the body during prosthodontic treatment with new dental materials.