Abstract

Background: Previous research showed that the extract of guazuma leaves had cytotoxic activity on various cancer cell lines. One of the chemical markers of Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk. is tiliroside. Aims and Objectives: The aim and objective of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effects of tiliroside on T47D and MCF7 and their mechanisms.
Materials and Methods: Tiliroside (was isolated by laboratory Biological Pharmacy of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, was confirmed by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry/MS). The antiproliferative activity was analyzed by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry methods.
Results: Tiliroside has cytotoxic activity with inhibitory concentration 50% on T47D and MCF7 which was 67.79 and 100.00 µg/ml, respectively. Based on the immunocytochemistry, tiliroside on T47D cell lines induced apoptosis which is mediated by the activation of Caspases 8 and 9 and decreased expression of Bcl-2 protein without interference with gen protein 53 (p53). In line with the previous one, tiliroside on MCF7 cell lines induced apoptosis through extrinsic ways due to the underexpression of p53 and Caspase 9 and increase in the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase 8.
Conclusions: The antiproliferative effects of tiliroside are higher on T47D than MCF7 cancers cell lines. Based on molecular analysis, antiproliferative mechanism was by apoptosis through extrinsic pathways.