Abstract

Background: Diabetes during pregnancy is associated with many congenital anomalies such as macrosomia. Early detection,and appropriate follow-up during pregnancy can improve the pageant women health and reduce the risk factors. Objectives:,The objectives of this study are to assess the ultrasound detection rate of congenital fetal malformations in women diagnosed,with gestational diabetes mellitus (DM).
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study contains 460 diabetic pregnant,women. Data collected from participants was age, weight, body mass index (BMI), previous miscarriage, termination of,pregnancy, stillbirth, previous cesarean section, type of diabetes (Types 1 or 2). Ultrasound scan performed for all women at,least once during the study period, between 16 and 24 weeks of gestation.
Results: During the study period, 460 pregnant,women with pre-existing DM performed pregnancy checkup and antenatal ultrasound. The mean age of patients in the study,population was 40 years, BMI was obviously high 31 kg/m2 (standard deviation 7 kg/m2), and 61.5 of the women were,obese to overweight. A total of one anomaly (0.22%) was present in the fetuses of diabetic women (P < 0.001), and the,anomalies diagnosed by ultrasound was spinal defects. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that all pregnant,women regardless their location and economic status should follow their pregnancy with the proper follow-up and screening,program to improve the pregnancy outcome and reduce the adverse reaction of diabetic during pregnancy.