Abstract

Background: Ovarian tumor is the seventh leading cause of cancer death (age standardized mortality rate: 4/100,000) among women worldwide, and in India, it is comprising up to 8.7% of cancers in different parts of the country. There are numerous types of ovarian tumors; both benign and malignant. About 80% are benign and these occur mostly in young women aged between 20 and 45 years. The malignant tumors are more common in older women aged between 40 and 65 years.
Objective: To study the incidence, morphological and clinicopathological correlation, gross, histological pattern, and incidence of age distribution of ovarian tumors in Ajmer region.
Materials and Methods: The present retrospective and prospective study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India, from June 2008 to May 2013. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination with hematoxylin and eosin stain. Special stains and immunohistochemistry were carried out whenever needed. Result: Of the 242 cases of ovarian tumors, 72.3% were benign, 2.4% were borderline, and 25.2% were malignant. Histologically, surface epithelial tumors were the most common (65.2%) followed by germ cell tumors (23.9%), sex cord– stromal tumors (7.4%), and metastatic tumors (3.3%). Age incidence of benign tumor was age group of 21–40 years, borderline 21–40 years, and malignant 41–60 years. Conclusion: It is concluded from this study that on morphological grounds, tumors originating from surface epithelium are the most common variant. Therefore, suggested that efforts must be made to identify the risk factors for malignancy.